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Antelopes & Gazelles Mammal Least Concern (IUCN)

Sable Antelope

Hippotragus niger Kiswahili: Palahala / Mbarapi

Jet-black bulls with scimitar horns sweeping back over the shoulders — widely held to be Africa’s most handsome antelope.

Where to look
Nyerere National Park and Selous ecosystem Ruaha National Park Katavi National Park Mahale Mountains National Park Mikumi National Park
Best time
June–October in Nyerere, Ruaha and Katavi, when herds come to permanent water.
Habitat
Miombo and broadleaf woodland with grassy clearings, woodland-grassland mosaic and valley grassland near water.
All Tanzania wildlife

In the field

Photograph coming soon

We publish our own photographs rather than stock pictures, so this profile is waiting on a sable antelope image from one of our guides. It will be added as soon as we have one worth showing — the field notes below are complete in the meantime.

Species profile

About the sable antelope

A mature sable bull is glossy black with a white belly and face markings and horns that arc backwards in a great scimitar curve, sometimes past 130 centimetres. Cows and young are a rich chestnut, so a herd shows two quite different colours.

Sable are miombo woodland animals, and Tanzania's southern and western parks — Nyerere, Ruaha, Katavi and the Mahale hinterland — are where to find them. Like the roan, sable are formidable in defence and have been recorded killing attacking predators with their horns.

Life in the wild

Behavior & relationships

Behavior

Grazes in the cooler hours and drinks daily. Bulls fight on their knees with sweeping horn blows and will defend a herd against predators.

Social life

Herds of ten to thirty cows and calves under a dominant cow, attended by a territorial bull; young bulls form bachelor herds until they can hold ground.

What makes it remarkable

Special features

Scimitar horns in both sexes, longest in the bull, and a coat that darkens from chestnut to black as a bull matures.

See it responsibly

Plan a Tanzania safari around the wildlife you love.

Tell our Arusha team what you hope to see. We will match the season, parks and pace to your interests.