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Birds of Prey Bird Least Concern (IUCN)

Palm-nut Vulture

Gypohierax angolensis

A striking black-and-white vulture that lives mainly on the fruit of oil palms — the world’s only largely vegetarian raptor.

Where to look
Nyerere National Park and the Rufiji River Mahale Mountains National Park and Lake Tanganyika Coastal river systems and the Selous ecosystem
Best time
Year-round along the Rufiji and the Lake Tanganyika shore at Mahale.
Habitat
Riverine and lakeshore forest, coastal palm belts and wetland margins with oil or raffia palms.
All Tanzania wildlife

In the field

Photograph coming soon

We publish our own photographs rather than stock pictures, so this profile is waiting on a palm-nut vulture image from one of our guides. It will be added as soon as we have one worth showing — the field notes below are complete in the meantime.

Species profile

About the palm-nut vulture

The palm-nut vulture is a genuine oddity: a bird of prey whose diet is dominated by the husk of oil palm and raffia palm fruit. It is boldly pied — white with black flight feathers and tail, with bare orange-red facial skin — and looks more like a small fish eagle than a vulture.

In Tanzania it is a bird of palm-lined rivers and lakeshores, and Nyerere National Park along the Rufiji and Mahale on Lake Tanganyika are the reliable places to find it. Juveniles are entirely brown and take three or four years to acquire adult plumage.

Life in the wild

Behavior & relationships

Behavior

Feeds by hanging from a palm bunch to tear off fruit husk. Also patrols shorelines for crabs, fish and stranded carrion.

Social life

Monogamous pairs holding a territory around a palm stand, building a large stick nest in a tall tree.

What makes it remarkable

Special features

The only raptor whose adult diet is predominantly plant material, and a bare pink-orange face unlike any other African vulture.

See it responsibly

Plan a Tanzania safari around the wildlife you love.

Tell our Arusha team what you hope to see. We will match the season, parks and pace to your interests.