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Birds of Prey Bird Least Concern (IUCN)

Eleonora’s Falcon

Falco eleonorae

A slender Mediterranean falcon that winters in East Africa — an elegant seasonal visitor over Ruaha’s baobab country.

Where to look
Ruaha National Park Nyerere National Park and Selous ecosystem Mikumi National Park Inland flyways across southern and central Tanzania
Best time
On southward passage, roughly October–December, hunting insects in the late afternoon over open woodland.
Habitat
On migration and in winter: open woodland, savanna and airspace above escarpments and river valleys where insects swarm.
All Tanzania wildlife

In the field

Photograph coming soon

We publish our own photographs rather than stock pictures, so this profile is waiting on a eleonora’s falcon image from one of our guides. It will be added as soon as we have one worth showing — the field notes below are complete in the meantime.

Species profile

About the eleonora’s falcon

Eleonora's falcon breeds on Mediterranean sea cliffs and migrates the length of Africa to winter in the east and on Madagascar. Tanzania sits on that wintering route, and small numbers hunt insects on the wing over the miombo and baobab country of Ruaha and the southern parks.

It is a long-winged, long-tailed falcon that occurs in both a pale and a dark morph, and it is famous for an extraordinary breeding strategy: it delays nesting until late summer so its chicks are raised on the autumn stream of small migrating songbirds.

Life in the wild

Behavior & relationships

Behavior

Hunts insects on the wing at height, often in loose parties at dusk, with fast, buoyant, tern-like flight.

Social life

Colonial on its Mediterranean breeding cliffs; loosely gregarious on migration and in its African wintering range.

What makes it remarkable

Special features

Breeding timed to the autumn songbird migration, and a migration route of some 9,000 kilometres to East Africa and Madagascar.

See it responsibly

Plan a Tanzania safari around the wildlife you love.

Tell our Arusha team what you hope to see. We will match the season, parks and pace to your interests.